| | | Abbreviations |
| A |
ABEDA: Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa
ACC: Arab Cooperation Council
ACCT: Agence de Cooperation Culturelle et Technique; see Agency for Cultural and Technical Cooperation
ACP: African, Caribbean, and Pacific Countries
AfDB: African Development Bank
AFESD: Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development
AG: Andean Group
Air Pollution: Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution
Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides: Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution Concerning the Control of Emissions of Nitrogen Oxides or Their Transboundary Fluxes
Air Pollution-Sulphur 85: Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution on the Reduction of Sulphur Emissions or Their Transboundary Fluxes by at Least 30%
Air Pollution-Sulphur 94: Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution on Further Reduction of Sulphur Emissions
Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds: Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution Concerning the Control of Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds or Their Transboundary Fluxes
AL: Arab League
ALADI: Asociacion Latinoamericana de Integracion; see Latin American Integration Association (LAIA)
AMF: Arab Monetary Fund
AMU: Arab Maghreb Union
Antarctic-Environmental Protocol: Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty
ANZUS: Australia-New Zealand-United States Security Treaty
APEC: Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation
Arabsat: Arab Satellite Communications Organization
AsDB: Asian Development Bank
ASEAN: Association of Southeast Asian Nations
Autodin: Automatic Digital Network
BAD: Banque Africaine de Developpement; see African Development Bank (AfDB)
BADEA: Banque Arabe de Developpement Economique en Afrique; see Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa (ABEDA)
BCIE: Banco Centroamericano de Integracion Economico; see Central American Bank for Economic Integration (BCIE)
BDEAC: Banque de Developpment des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale; see Central African States Development Bank (BDEAC)
Benelux: Benelux Economic Union
BID: Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo; see Inter-American Development Bank (IADB)
Biodiversity: Convention on Biological Diversity
BIS: Bank for International Settlements
BOAD: Banque Ouest-Africaine de Developpement; see West African Development Bank (WADB)
BSEC: Black Sea Economic Cooperation Zone
C: Commonwealth
CACM: Central American Common Market
CAEU: Council of Arab Economic Unity
Caricom: Caribbean Community and Common Market
CB: citizens band mobile radio communications
CBSS: Council of the Baltic Sea States
CCC: Customs Cooperation Council
CDB: Caribbean Development Bank
CE: Council of Europe
CEAO: Communaute Economique de l'Afrique de l'Ouest; see West African Economic Community (CEAO)
CEEAC: Communaute Economique des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale; see Economic Community of Central African States (CEEAC)
CEI: Central European Initiative
CEMA: Council for Mutual Economic Assistance; also known as CMEA or Comecon
CEPGL: Communaute Economique des Pays des Grands Lacs; see Economic Community of the Great Lakes Countries (CEPGL)
CERN: Conseil Europeen pour la Recherche Nucleaire; see European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)
CG: Contadora Group
c.i.f.: cost, insurance, and freight
CIS: Commonwealth of Independent States
CITES: see Endangered Species
Climate Change: United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
CMEA: Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CEMA); also known as Comecon
COCOM: Coordinating Committee on Export Controls
Comecon: Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CEMA); also known as CMEA
Comsat: Communications Satellite Corporation
CP: Colombo Plan
CSCE: Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe; see Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)
CY: calendar year
DC: developed country
Desertification: United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in Those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in Africa
DSN: Defense Switched Network
DWT: deadweight ton
EADB: East African Development Bank
EBRD: European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
EC: European Community; see European Union (EU)
ECA: Economic Commission for Africa
ECAFE: Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East; see Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP)
ECE: Economic Commission for Europe
ECLA: Economic Commission for Latin America; see Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC)
ECLAC: Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean
ECO: Economic Cooperation Organization
ECOSOC: Economic and Social Council
ECOWAS: Economic Community of West African States
ECSC: European Coal and Steel Community; see European Union (EU)
ECWA: Economic Commission for Western Asia; see Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA)
EEC: European Economic Community; see European Union (EU)
EFTA: European Free Trade Association
EIB: European Investment Bank
Endangered Species: Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES)
Entente: Council of the Entente
Environmental Modification: Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques
ESA: European Space Agency
ESCAP: Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific
ESCWA: Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia
est.: estimate
EU: European Union
Euratom: European Atomic Energy Community; see European Community (EC)
Eutelsat: European Telecommunications Satellite Organization
Ex-Im: Export-Import Bank of the United States
FAO: Food and Agriculture Organization
FAX: facsimile
f.o.b.: free on board
FLS: Front Line States
FRG: Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany); used for information dated before 3 October 1990 or CY91
FSU: former Soviet Union
FY: fiscal year (FY93/94, for example, began in calendar year 1993 and ended in calendar year 1994)
FYROM: The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
FZ: Franc Zone
G-2: Group of 2
G-3: Group of 3
G-5: Group of 5
G-6: Group of 6 (not to be confused with the Big Six)
G-7: Group of 7
G-8: Group of 8
G-9: Group of 9
G-10: Group of 10
G-11: Group of 11
G-15: Group of 15
G-19: Group of 19
G-24: Group of 24
G-30: Group of 30
G-33: Group of 33
G-77: Group of 77
GATT: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade; subsumed by the World Trade Organization (WTrO) on 1 January 1995
GCC: Gulf Cooperation Council
GDP: gross domestic product
GDR: German Democratic Republic (East Germany); used for information dated before 3 October 1990 or CY91
GNP: gross national product
GRT: gross register ton
GWP: gross world product
Hazardous Wastes: Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal
HF: high-frequency
IADB: Inter-American Development Bank
IAEA: International Atomic Energy Agency
IBEC: International Bank for Economic Cooperation
IBRD: International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (World Bank)
ICAO: International Civil Aviation Organization
ICC: International Chamber of Commerce
ICEM: Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration; see International Organization for Migration (IOM)
ICFTU: International Confederation of Free Trade Unions; see World Confederation of Labor (WCL)
ICJ: International Court of Justice
ICM: Intergovernmental Committee for Migration; see International Organization for Migration (IOM)
ICRC: International Committee of the Red Cross
ICRM: International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement
IDA: International Development Association
IDB: Islamic Development Bank
IEA: International Energy Agency
IFAD: International Fund for Agricultural Development
IFC: International Finance Corporation
IFCTU: International Federation of Christian Trade Unions
IFRCS: International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
IGADD: Inter-Governmental Authority on Drought and Development
IIB: International Investment Bank
ILO: International Labor Organization
IMCO: Intergovernmental Maritime Consultative Organization; see International Maritime Organization (IMO)
IMF: International Monetary Fund
IMO: International Maritime Organization
Inmarsat: International Mobile Satellite Organization
Intelsat: International Telecommunications Satellite Organization
Interpol: International Criminal Police Organization
Intersputnik: International Organization of Space Communications
IOC: International Olympic Committee
IOM: International Organization for Migration
ISO: International Organization for Standardization
ITU: International Telecommunication Union
kHz: kilohertz
km: kilometer
kW: kilowatt
kWh: kilowatt hour
LAES: Latin American Economic System
LAIA: Latin American Integration Association
LAS: League of Arab States; see Arab League (AL)
Law of the Sea: United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (LOS)
LDC: less developed country
LLDC: least developed country
London Convention: see Marine Dumping
LORCS: League of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies; see International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS)
LOS: see Law of the Sea
m: meter
Marecs: Maritime European Communications Satellite
Marine Dumping: Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping Wastes and Other Matter
Marine Life Conservation: Convention on Fishing and Conservation of Living Resources of the High Seas
MARPOL: see Ship Pollution
Mercosur: Mercado Comun del Cono Sur; see Southern Cone Common Market
MHz: megahertz
MINURSO: United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara
MTCR: Missile Technology Control Regime
NA: not available
NACC: North Atlantic Cooperation Council
NAM: Nonaligned Movement
NATO: North Atlantic Treaty Organization
NC: Nordic Council
NEA: Nuclear Energy Agency
NEGL: negligible
NIB: Nordic Investment Bank
NIC: newly industrializing country; see newly industrializing economy (NIE)
NIE: newly industrializing economy
nm: nautical mile
NMT: Nordic Mobile Telephone
NSG: Nuclear Suppliers Group
Nuclear Test Ban: Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapons Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space, and Under Water
NZ: New Zealand
OAPEC: Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries
OAS: Organization of American States
OAU: Organization of African Unity
ODA: official development assistance
OECD: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
OECS: Organization of Eastern Caribbean States
OIC: Organization of the Islamic Conference
ONUMOZ: see United Nations Operation in Mozambique (UNOMOZ)
ONUSAL: United Nations Observer Mission in El Salvador
OOF: other official flows
OPANAL: Organismo para la Proscripcion de las Armas Nucleares en la America Latina y el Caribe; see Agency for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean
OPEC: Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
OSCE: Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe
Ozone Layer Protection: Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer
PCA: Permanent Court of Arbitration
PDRY: People's Democratic Republic of Yemen [Yemen (Aden) or South Yemen]; used for information dated before 22 May 1990 or CY91
PFP: Partnership for Peace
Ramsar: see Wetlands
RG: Rio Group
SAARC: South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
SACU: Southern African Customs Union
SADC: Southern African Development Community
SADCC: Southern African Development Coordination Conference; see Southern African Development Community (SADC)
SELA: Sistema Economico Latinoamericana; see Latin American Economic System (LAES)
SFRY: Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia; dissolved 5 December 1991
SHF: super-high-frequency
Ship Pollution: Protocol of 1978 Relating to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution From Ships, 1973 (MARPOL)
Sparteca: South Pacific Regional Trade and Economic Cooperation Agreement
SPC: South Pacific Commission
SPF: South Pacific Forum
sq km: square kilometer
sq mi: square mile
TAT: Trans-Atlantic Telephone
Tropical Timber 83: International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1983
Tropical Timber 94: International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1994
UAE: United Arab Emirates
UDEAC: Union Douaniere et Economique de l'Afrique Centrale; see Central African Customs and Economic Union (UDEAC)
UHF: ultra-high-frequency
UK: United Kingdom
UN: United Nations
UNAMIR: United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda
UNAVEM III: United Nations Angola Verification Mission III
UNCRO: United Nations Confidence Restoration Operation in Croatia
UNCTAD: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
UNDOF: United Nations Disengagement Observer Force
UNDP: United Nations Development Program
UNEP: United Nations Environment Program
UNESCO: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization
UNFICYP: United Nations Force in Cyprus
UNFPA: United Nations Fund for Population Activities; see UN Population Fund (UNFPA)
UNHCR: United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees
UNICEF: United Nations Children's Fund
UNIDO: United Nations Industrial Development Organization
UNIFIL: United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon
UNIKOM: United Nations Iraq-Kuwait Observation Mission
UNITAR: United Nations Institute for Training and Research
UNMIH: United Nations Mission in Haiti
UNMOGIP: United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan
UNMOT: United Nations Mission of Observers in Tajikistan
UNOMIG: United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia
UNOMIL: United Nations Observer Mission in Liberia
UNOMOZ: United Nations Operation in Mozambique
UNOMUR: United Nations Observer Mission Uganda-Rwanda
UNOSOM II: United Nations Operation in Somalia II
UNPREDEP: United Nations Preventive Deployment Force
UNPROFOR: United Nations Protection Force
UNRISD: United Nations Research Institute for Social Development
UNRWA: United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East
UNTAC: United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia
UNTSO: United Nations Truce Supervision Organization
UNU: United Nations University
UPU: Universal Postal Union
US: United States
USSR: Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (Soviet Union); used for information dated before 25 December 1991
USSR/EE: Union of Soviet Socialist Republics/Eastern Europe
VHF: very-high-frequency
WADB: West African Development Bank
WCL: World Confederation of Labor
Wetlands: Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially As Waterfowl Habitat
WEU: Western European Union
WFC: World Food Council
WFP: World Food Program
WFTU: World Federation of Trade Unions
Whaling: International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling
WHO: World Health Organization
WIPO: World Intellectual Property Organization
WMO: World Meteorological Organization
WTO: former abbreviation for the World Tourism Organization; now see WToO
WToO: World Tourism Organization
WTrO: World Trade Organization
YAR: Yemen Arab Republic [Yemen (Sanaa) or North Yemen]; used for information dated before 22 May 1990 or CY91
ZC: Zangger Committee
| | | Abbreviations |
| A |
ABEDA: Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa
ACC: Arab Cooperation Council
ACCT: Agence de Cooperation Culturelle et Technique; see Agency for Cultural and Technical Cooperation
ACP: African, Caribbean, and Pacific Countries
AfDB: African Development Bank
AFESD: Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development
AG: Andean Group
Air Pollution: Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution
Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides: Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution Concerning the Control of Emissions of Nitrogen Oxides or Their Transboundary Fluxes
Air Pollution-Sulphur 85: Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution on the Reduction of Sulphur Emissions or Their Transboundary Fluxes by at Least 30%
Air Pollution-Sulphur 94: Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution on Further Reduction of Sulphur Emissions
Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds: Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution Concerning the Control of Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds or Their Transboundary Fluxes
AL: Arab League
ALADI: Asociacion Latinoamericana de Integracion; see Latin American Integration Association (LAIA)
AMF: Arab Monetary Fund
AMU: Arab Maghreb Union
Antarctic-Environmental Protocol: Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty
ANZUS: Australia-New Zealand-United States Security Treaty
APEC: Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation
Arabsat: Arab Satellite Communications Organization
AsDB: Asian Development Bank
ASEAN: Association of Southeast Asian Nations
Autodin: Automatic Digital Network
BAD: Banque Africaine de Developpement; see African Development Bank (AfDB)
BADEA: Banque Arabe de Developpement Economique en Afrique; see Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa (ABEDA)
BCIE: Banco Centroamericano de Integracion Economico; see Central American Bank for Economic Integration (BCIE)
BDEAC: Banque de Developpment des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale; see Central African States Development Bank (BDEAC)
Benelux: Benelux Economic Union
BID: Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo; see Inter-American Development Bank (IADB)
Biodiversity: Convention on Biological Diversity
BIS: Bank for International Settlements
BOAD: Banque Ouest-Africaine de Developpement; see West African Development Bank (WADB)
BSEC: Black Sea Economic Cooperation Zone
C: Commonwealth
CACM: Central American Common Market
CAEU: Council of Arab Economic Unity
Caricom: Caribbean Community and Common Market
CB: citizens band mobile radio communications
CBSS: Council of the Baltic Sea States
CCC: Customs Cooperation Council
CDB: Caribbean Development Bank
CE: Council of Europe
CEAO: Communaute Economique de l'Afrique de l'Ouest; see West African Economic Community (CEAO)
CEEAC: Communaute Economique des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale; see Economic Community of Central African States (CEEAC)
CEI: Central European Initiative
CEMA: Council for Mutual Economic Assistance; also known as CMEA or Comecon
CEPGL: Communaute Economique des Pays des Grands Lacs; see Economic Community of the Great Lakes Countries (CEPGL)
CERN: Conseil Europeen pour la Recherche Nucleaire; see European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)
CG: Contadora Group
c.i.f.: cost, insurance, and freight
CIS: Commonwealth of Independent States
CITES: see Endangered Species
Climate Change: United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
CMEA: Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CEMA); also known as Comecon
COCOM: Coordinating Committee on Export Controls
Comecon: Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CEMA); also known as CMEA
Comsat: Communications Satellite Corporation
CP: Colombo Plan
CSCE: Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe; see Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)
CY: calendar year
DC: developed country
Desertification: United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in Those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in Africa
DSN: Defense Switched Network
DWT: deadweight ton
EADB: East African Development Bank
EBRD: European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
EC: European Community; see European Union (EU)
ECA: Economic Commission for Africa
ECAFE: Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East; see Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP)
ECE: Economic Commission for Europe
ECLA: Economic Commission for Latin America; see Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC)
ECLAC: Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean
ECO: Economic Cooperation Organization
ECOSOC: Economic and Social Council
ECOWAS: Economic Community of West African States
ECSC: European Coal and Steel Community; see European Union (EU)
ECWA: Economic Commission for Western Asia; see Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA)
EEC: European Economic Community; see European Union (EU)
EFTA: European Free Trade Association
EIB: European Investment Bank
Endangered Species: Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES)
Entente: Council of the Entente
Environmental Modification: Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques
ESA: European Space Agency
ESCAP: Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific
ESCWA: Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia
est.: estimate
EU: European Union
Euratom: European Atomic Energy Community; see European Community (EC)
Eutelsat: European Telecommunications Satellite Organization
Ex-Im: Export-Import Bank of the United States
FAO: Food and Agriculture Organization
FAX: facsimile
f.o.b.: free on board
FLS: Front Line States
FRG: Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany); used for information dated before 3 October 1990 or CY91
FSU: former Soviet Union
FY: fiscal year (FY93/94, for example, began in calendar year 1993 and ended in calendar year 1994)
FYROM: The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
FZ: Franc Zone
G-2: Group of 2
G-3: Group of 3
G-5: Group of 5
G-6: Group of 6 (not to be confused with the Big Six)
G-7: Group of 7
G-8: Group of 8
G-9: Group of 9
G-10: Group of 10
G-11: Group of 11
G-15: Group of 15
G-19: Group of 19
G-24: Group of 24
G-30: Group of 30
G-33: Group of 33
G-77: Group of 77
GATT: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade; subsumed by the World Trade Organization (WTrO) on 1 January 1995
GCC: Gulf Cooperation Council
GDP: gross domestic product
GDR: German Democratic Republic (East Germany); used for information dated before 3 October 1990 or CY91
GNP: gross national product
GRT: gross register ton
GWP: gross world product
Hazardous Wastes: Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal
HF: high-frequency
IADB: Inter-American Development Bank
IAEA: International Atomic Energy Agency
IBEC: International Bank for Economic Cooperation
IBRD: International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (World Bank)
ICAO: International Civil Aviation Organization
ICC: International Chamber of Commerce
ICEM: Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration; see International Organization for Migration (IOM)
ICFTU: International Confederation of Free Trade Unions; see World Confederation of Labor (WCL)
ICJ: International Court of Justice
ICM: Intergovernmental Committee for Migration; see International Organization for Migration (IOM)
ICRC: International Committee of the Red Cross
ICRM: International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement
IDA: International Development Association
IDB: Islamic Development Bank
IEA: International Energy Agency
IFAD: International Fund for Agricultural Development
IFC: International Finance Corporation
IFCTU: International Federation of Christian Trade Unions
IFRCS: International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
IGADD: Inter-Governmental Authority on Drought and Development
IIB: International Investment Bank
ILO: International Labor Organization
IMCO: Intergovernmental Maritime Consultative Organization; see International Maritime Organization (IMO)
IMF: International Monetary Fund
IMO: International Maritime Organization
Inmarsat: International Mobile Satellite Organization
Intelsat: International Telecommunications Satellite Organization
Interpol: International Criminal Police Organization
Intersputnik: International Organization of Space Communications
IOC: International Olympic Committee
IOM: International Organization for Migration
ISO: International Organization for Standardization
ITU: International Telecommunication Union
kHz: kilohertz
km: kilometer
kW: kilowatt
kWh: kilowatt hour
LAES: Latin American Economic System
LAIA: Latin American Integration Association
LAS: League of Arab States; see Arab League (AL)
Law of the Sea: United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (LOS)
LDC: less developed country
LLDC: least developed country
London Convention: see Marine Dumping
LORCS: League of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies; see International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS)
LOS: see Law of the Sea
m: meter
Marecs: Maritime European Communications Satellite
Marine Dumping: Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping Wastes and Other Matter
Marine Life Conservation: Convention on Fishing and Conservation of Living Resources of the High Seas
MARPOL: see Ship Pollution
Mercosur: Mercado Comun del Cono Sur; see Southern Cone Common Market
MHz: megahertz
MINURSO: United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara
MTCR: Missile Technology Control Regime
NA: not available
NACC: North Atlantic Cooperation Council
NAM: Nonaligned Movement
NATO: North Atlantic Treaty Organization
NC: Nordic Council
NEA: Nuclear Energy Agency
NEGL: negligible
NIB: Nordic Investment Bank
NIC: newly industrializing country; see newly industrializing economy (NIE)
NIE: newly industrializing economy
nm: nautical mile
NMT: Nordic Mobile Telephone
NSG: Nuclear Suppliers Group
Nuclear Test Ban: Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapons Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space, and Under Water
NZ: New Zealand
OAPEC: Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries
OAS: Organization of American States
OAU: Organization of African Unity
ODA: official development assistance
OECD: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
OECS: Organization of Eastern Caribbean States
OIC: Organization of the Islamic Conference
ONUMOZ: see United Nations Operation in Mozambique (UNOMOZ)
ONUSAL: United Nations Observer Mission in El Salvador
OOF: other official flows
OPANAL: Organismo para la Proscripcion de las Armas Nucleares en la America Latina y el Caribe; see Agency for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean
OPEC: Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
OSCE: Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe
Ozone Layer Protection: Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer
PCA: Permanent Court of Arbitration
PDRY: People's Democratic Republic of Yemen [Yemen (Aden) or South Yemen]; used for information dated before 22 May 1990 or CY91
PFP: Partnership for Peace
Ramsar: see Wetlands
RG: Rio Group
SAARC: South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
SACU: Southern African Customs Union
SADC: Southern African Development Community
SADCC: Southern African Development Coordination Conference; see Southern African Development Community (SADC)
SELA: Sistema Economico Latinoamericana; see Latin American Economic System (LAES)
SFRY: Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia; dissolved 5 December 1991
SHF: super-high-frequency
Ship Pollution: Protocol of 1978 Relating to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution From Ships, 1973 (MARPOL)
Sparteca: South Pacific Regional Trade and Economic Cooperation Agreement
SPC: South Pacific Commission
SPF: South Pacific Forum
sq km: square kilometer
sq mi: square mile
TAT: Trans-Atlantic Telephone
Tropical Timber 83: International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1983
Tropical Timber 94: International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1994
UAE: United Arab Emirates
UDEAC: Union Douaniere et Economique de l'Afrique Centrale; see Central African Customs and Economic Union (UDEAC)
UHF: ultra-high-frequency
UK: United Kingdom
UN: United Nations
UNAMIR: United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda
UNAVEM III: United Nations Angola Verification Mission III
UNCRO: United Nations Confidence Restoration Operation in Croatia
UNCTAD: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
UNDOF: United Nations Disengagement Observer Force
UNDP: United Nations Development Program
UNEP: United Nations Environment Program
UNESCO: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization
UNFICYP: United Nations Force in Cyprus
UNFPA: United Nations Fund for Population Activities; see UN Population Fund (UNFPA)
UNHCR: United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees
UNICEF: United Nations Children's Fund
UNIDO: United Nations Industrial Development Organization
UNIFIL: United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon
UNIKOM: United Nations Iraq-Kuwait Observation Mission
UNITAR: United Nations Institute for Training and Research
UNMIH: United Nations Mission in Haiti
UNMOGIP: United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan
UNMOT: United Nations Mission of Observers in Tajikistan
UNOMIG: United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia
UNOMIL: United Nations Observer Mission in Liberia
UNOMOZ: United Nations Operation in Mozambique
UNOMUR: United Nations Observer Mission Uganda-Rwanda
UNOSOM II: United Nations Operation in Somalia II
UNPREDEP: United Nations Preventive Deployment Force
UNPROFOR: United Nations Protection Force
UNRISD: United Nations Research Institute for Social Development
UNRWA: United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East
UNTAC: United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia
UNTSO: United Nations Truce Supervision Organization
UNU: United Nations University
UPU: Universal Postal Union
US: United States
USSR: Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (Soviet Union); used for information dated before 25 December 1991
USSR/EE: Union of Soviet Socialist Republics/Eastern Europe
VHF: very-high-frequency
WADB: West African Development Bank
WCL: World Confederation of Labor
Wetlands: Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially As Waterfowl Habitat
WEU: Western European Union
WFC: World Food Council
WFP: World Food Program
WFTU: World Federation of Trade Unions
Whaling: International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling
WHO: World Health Organization
WIPO: World Intellectual Property Organization
WMO: World Meteorological Organization
WTO: former abbreviation for the World Tourism Organization; now see WToO
WToO: World Tourism Organization
WTrO: World Trade Organization
YAR: Yemen Arab Republic [Yemen (Sanaa) or North Yemen]; used for information dated before 22 May 1990 or CY91
ZC: Zangger Committee
| | | Abbreviations |
| A |
ABEDA: Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa
ACC: Arab Cooperation Council
ACCT: Agence de Cooperation Culturelle et Technique; see Agency for Cultural and Technical Cooperation
ACP: African, Caribbean, and Pacific Countries
AfDB: African Development Bank
AFESD: Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development
AG: Andean Group
Air Pollution: Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution
Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides: Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution Concerning the Control of Emissions of Nitrogen Oxides or Their Transboundary Fluxes
Air Pollution-Sulphur 85: Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution on the Reduction of Sulphur Emissions or Their Transboundary Fluxes by at Least 30%
Air Pollution-Sulphur 94: Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution on Further Reduction of Sulphur Emissions
Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds: Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution Concerning the Control of Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds or Their Transboundary Fluxes
AL: Arab League
ALADI: Asociacion Latinoamericana de Integracion; see Latin American Integration Association (LAIA)
AMF: Arab Monetary Fund
AMU: Arab Maghreb Union
Antarctic-Environmental Protocol: Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty
ANZUS: Australia-New Zealand-United States Security Treaty
APEC: Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation
Arabsat: Arab Satellite Communications Organization
AsDB: Asian Development Bank
ASEAN: Association of Southeast Asian Nations
Autodin: Automatic Digital Network
BAD: Banque Africaine de Developpement; see African Development Bank (AfDB)
BADEA: Banque Arabe de Developpement Economique en Afrique; see Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa (ABEDA)
BCIE: Banco Centroamericano de Integracion Economico; see Central American Bank for Economic Integration (BCIE)
BDEAC: Banque de Developpment des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale; see Central African States Development Bank (BDEAC)
Benelux: Benelux Economic Union
BID: Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo; see Inter-American Development Bank (IADB)
Biodiversity: Convention on Biological Diversity
BIS: Bank for International Settlements
BOAD: Banque Ouest-Africaine de Developpement; see West African Development Bank (WADB)
BSEC: Black Sea Economic Cooperation Zone
C: Commonwealth
CACM: Central American Common Market
CAEU: Council of Arab Economic Unity
Caricom: Caribbean Community and Common Market
CB: citizens band mobile radio communications
CBSS: Council of the Baltic Sea States
CCC: Customs Cooperation Council
CDB: Caribbean Development Bank
CE: Council of Europe
CEAO: Communaute Economique de l'Afrique de l'Ouest; see West African Economic Community (CEAO)
CEEAC: Communaute Economique des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale; see Economic Community of Central African States (CEEAC)
CEI: Central European Initiative
CEMA: Council for Mutual Economic Assistance; also known as CMEA or Comecon
CEPGL: Communaute Economique des Pays des Grands Lacs; see Economic Community of the Great Lakes Countries (CEPGL)
CERN: Conseil Europeen pour la Recherche Nucleaire; see European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)
CG: Contadora Group
c.i.f.: cost, insurance, and freight
CIS: Commonwealth of Independent States
CITES: see Endangered Species
Climate Change: United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
CMEA: Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CEMA); also known as Comecon
COCOM: Coordinating Committee on Export Controls
Comecon: Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CEMA); also known as CMEA
Comsat: Communications Satellite Corporation
CP: Colombo Plan
CSCE: Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe; see Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)
CY: calendar year
DC: developed country
Desertification: United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in Those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in Africa
DSN: Defense Switched Network
DWT: deadweight ton
EADB: East African Development Bank
EBRD: European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
EC: European Community; see European Union (EU)
ECA: Economic Commission for Africa
ECAFE: Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East; see Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP)
ECE: Economic Commission for Europe
ECLA: Economic Commission for Latin America; see Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC)
ECLAC: Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean
ECO: Economic Cooperation Organization
ECOSOC: Economic and Social Council
ECOWAS: Economic Community of West African States
ECSC: European Coal and Steel Community; see European Union (EU)
ECWA: Economic Commission for Western Asia; see Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA)
EEC: European Economic Community; see European Union (EU)
EFTA: European Free Trade Association
EIB: European Investment Bank
Endangered Species: Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES)
Entente: Council of the Entente
Environmental Modification: Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques
ESA: European Space Agency
ESCAP: Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific
ESCWA: Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia
est.: estimate
EU: European Union
Euratom: European Atomic Energy Community; see European Community (EC)
Eutelsat: European Telecommunications Satellite Organization
Ex-Im: Export-Import Bank of the United States
FAO: Food and Agriculture Organization
FAX: facsimile
f.o.b.: free on board
FLS: Front Line States
FRG: Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany); used for information dated before 3 October 1990 or CY91
FSU: former Soviet Union
FY: fiscal year (FY93/94, for example, began in calendar year 1993 and ended in calendar year 1994)
FYROM: The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
FZ: Franc Zone
G-2: Group of 2
G-3: Group of 3
G-5: Group of 5
G-6: Group of 6 (not to be confused with the Big Six)
G-7: Group of 7
G-8: Group of 8
G-9: Group of 9
G-10: Group of 10
G-11: Group of 11
G-15: Group of 15
G-19: Group of 19
G-24: Group of 24
G-30: Group of 30
G-33: Group of 33
G-77: Group of 77
GATT: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade; subsumed by the World Trade Organization (WTrO) on 1 January 1995
GCC: Gulf Cooperation Council
GDP: gross domestic product
GDR: German Democratic Republic (East Germany); used for information dated before 3 October 1990 or CY91
GNP: gross national product
GRT: gross register ton
GWP: gross world product
Hazardous Wastes: Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal
HF: high-frequency
IADB: Inter-American Development Bank
IAEA: International Atomic Energy Agency
IBEC: International Bank for Economic Cooperation
IBRD: International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (World Bank)
ICAO: International Civil Aviation Organization
ICC: International Chamber of Commerce
ICEM: Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration; see International Organization for Migration (IOM)
ICFTU: International Confederation of Free Trade Unions; see World Confederation of Labor (WCL)
ICJ: International Court of Justice
ICM: Intergovernmental Committee for Migration; see International Organization for Migration (IOM)
ICRC: International Committee of the Red Cross
ICRM: International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement
IDA: International Development Association
IDB: Islamic Development Bank
IEA: International Energy Agency
IFAD: International Fund for Agricultural Development
IFC: International Finance Corporation
IFCTU: International Federation of Christian Trade Unions
IFRCS: International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
IGADD: Inter-Governmental Authority on Drought and Development
IIB: International Investment Bank
ILO: International Labor Organization
IMCO: Intergovernmental Maritime Consultative Organization; see International Maritime Organization (IMO)
IMF: International Monetary Fund
IMO: International Maritime Organization
Inmarsat: International Mobile Satellite Organization
Intelsat: International Telecommunications Satellite Organization
Interpol: International Criminal Police Organization
Intersputnik: International Organization of Space Communications
IOC: International Olympic Committee
IOM: International Organization for Migration
ISO: International Organization for Standardization
ITU: International Telecommunication Union
kHz: kilohertz
km: kilometer
kW: kilowatt
kWh: kilowatt hour
LAES: Latin American Economic System
LAIA: Latin American Integration Association
LAS: League of Arab States; see Arab League (AL)
Law of the Sea: United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (LOS)
LDC: less developed country
LLDC: least developed country
London Convention: see Marine Dumping
LORCS: League of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies; see International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS)
LOS: see Law of the Sea
m: meter
Marecs: Maritime European Communications Satellite
Marine Dumping: Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping Wastes and Other Matter
Marine Life Conservation: Convention on Fishing and Conservation of Living Resources of the High Seas
MARPOL: see Ship Pollution
Mercosur: Mercado Comun del Cono Sur; see Southern Cone Common Market
MHz: megahertz
MINURSO: United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara
MTCR: Missile Technology Control Regime
NA: not available
NACC: North Atlantic Cooperation Council
NAM: Nonaligned Movement
NATO: North Atlantic Treaty Organization
NC: Nordic Council
NEA: Nuclear Energy Agency
NEGL: negligible
NIB: Nordic Investment Bank
NIC: newly industrializing country; see newly industrializing economy (NIE)
NIE: newly industrializing economy
nm: nautical mile
NMT: Nordic Mobile Telephone
NSG: Nuclear Suppliers Group
Nuclear Test Ban: Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapons Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space, and Under Water
NZ: New Zealand
OAPEC: Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries
OAS: Organization of American States
OAU: Organization of African Unity
ODA: official development assistance
OECD: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
OECS: Organization of Eastern Caribbean States
OIC: Organization of the Islamic Conference
ONUMOZ: see United Nations Operation in Mozambique (UNOMOZ)
ONUSAL: United Nations Observer Mission in El Salvador
OOF: other official flows
OPANAL: Organismo para la Proscripcion de las Armas Nucleares en la America Latina y el Caribe; see Agency for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean
OPEC: Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
OSCE: Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe
Ozone Layer Protection: Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer
PCA: Permanent Court of Arbitration
PDRY: People's Democratic Republic of Yemen [Yemen (Aden) or South Yemen]; used for information dated before 22 May 1990 or CY91
PFP: Partnership for Peace
Ramsar: see Wetlands
RG: Rio Group
SAARC: South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
SACU: Southern African Customs Union
SADC: Southern African Development Community
SADCC: Southern African Development Coordination Conference; see Southern African Development Community (SADC)
SELA: Sistema Economico Latinoamericana; see Latin American Economic System (LAES)
SFRY: Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia; dissolved 5 December 1991
SHF: super-high-frequency
Ship Pollution: Protocol of 1978 Relating to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution From Ships, 1973 (MARPOL)
Sparteca: South Pacific Regional Trade and Economic Cooperation Agreement
SPC: South Pacific Commission
SPF: South Pacific Forum
sq km: square kilometer
sq mi: square mile
TAT: Trans-Atlantic Telephone
Tropical Timber 83: International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1983
Tropical Timber 94: International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1994
UAE: United Arab Emirates
UDEAC: Union Douaniere et Economique de l'Afrique Centrale; see Central African Customs and Economic Union (UDEAC)
UHF: ultra-high-frequency
UK: United Kingdom
UN: United Nations
UNAMIR: United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda
UNAVEM III: United Nations Angola Verification Mission III
UNCRO: United Nations Confidence Restoration Operation in Croatia
UNCTAD: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
UNDOF: United Nations Disengagement Observer Force
UNDP: United Nations Development Program
UNEP: United Nations Environment Program
UNESCO: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization
UNFICYP: United Nations Force in Cyprus
UNFPA: United Nations Fund for Population Activities; see UN Population Fund (UNFPA)
UNHCR: United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees
UNICEF: United Nations Children's Fund
UNIDO: United Nations Industrial Development Organization
UNIFIL: United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon
UNIKOM: United Nations Iraq-Kuwait Observation Mission
UNITAR: United Nations Institute for Training and Research
UNMIH: United Nations Mission in Haiti
UNMOGIP: United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan
UNMOT: United Nations Mission of Observers in Tajikistan
UNOMIG: United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia
UNOMIL: United Nations Observer Mission in Liberia
UNOMOZ: United Nations Operation in Mozambique
UNOMUR: United Nations Observer Mission Uganda-Rwanda
UNOSOM II: United Nations Operation in Somalia II
UNPREDEP: United Nations Preventive Deployment Force
UNPROFOR: United Nations Protection Force
UNRISD: United Nations Research Institute for Social Development
UNRWA: United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East
UNTAC: United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia
UNTSO: United Nations Truce Supervision Organization
UNU: United Nations University
UPU: Universal Postal Union
US: United States
USSR: Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (Soviet Union); used for information dated before 25 December 1991
USSR/EE: Union of Soviet Socialist Republics/Eastern Europe
VHF: very-high-frequency
WADB: West African Development Bank
WCL: World Confederation of Labor
Wetlands: Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially As Waterfowl Habitat
WEU: Western European Union
WFC: World Food Council
WFP: World Food Program
WFTU: World Federation of Trade Unions
Whaling: International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling
WHO: World Health Organization
WIPO: World Intellectual Property Organization
WMO: World Meteorological Organization
WTO: former abbreviation for the World Tourism Organization; now see WToO
WToO: World Tourism Organization
WTrO: World Trade Organization
YAR: Yemen Arab Republic [Yemen (Sanaa) or North Yemen]; used for information dated before 22 May 1990 or CY91
ZC: Zangger Committee
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